Global Health Promotion

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Building Capacity for Cardiovascular Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention and Control in Africa

Sponsored by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the International Union for Health Promotion and Education

 

 

ANNUAL SEMINARS

 

Background and Rationale

 

About the course

 

Course Presentations

 

Key References

 

 

Background and Rationale

 

The emergence of a double burden of communicable and non-communicable diseases increasingly threatens the African region. By acting now, we can prevent cardiovascular diseases (CVD) from becoming the same burden in Africa that it is elsewhere around the globe. In fact, many regional and international actors are now multiplying their efforts to promote health in Africa.

 

Following an initial consultation with experts within Africa, and from around the world, the CDC/IUHPE Annual Seminars on Cardiovascular Health Promotion were developed to address this identified need to build capacity and increase knowledge. The course was designed to help establish strategies that contribute to preventing and controlling CVD in the Sub-Saharan Africa region. In addition, this unique initiative was intended to build in-country capacity and a locally-sustainable infrastructure for CVD and risk factor disease surveillance, and cardiovascular health promotion development.

 

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About the course

 

Since 2004, the seminars have been held in both West and East Africa. Each year, four to five multi-disciplinary country teams were trained in Cardiovascular Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Epidemiology. The West African seminars were held in Ghana between 2004 and 2006 and included teams from Ghana, Gambia and Nigeria. The East African seminars were successively held in Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda between 2007 and 2009, with representatives from all three countries attending every year.

 

The objective of the seminar series was to build and strengthen the capacity, knowledge and skills of trained country teams:

 

The course was structured around five major areas:

1- General principles of:

i) Health promotion and chronic disease prevention in Africa;

ii) Basic public health and epidemiology;

iii) Surveillance for CVD and risk factors in the African context;

iv) Evaluation plans and designs;

v) Project development (core principles and expectations);

2- Prevention of specific diseases and risky behaviours;

3- Partnerships;

4- Data collection and methods;

5- Communication, advocacy and social marketing.

 

At the end of the course, the trainees are expected to:

 

As part of the seminar, each team developed their own health promotion and CVD prevention projects. After the seminar the trainees further developed, and implemented when possible, the team projects in their home countries.

 

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Course Presentations

 

Please note several of these files may take a while to download.

 

Case study from Gambia - Karamo Kanteh

Case study from Ghana -  Jacob Plange-Rhule

Case study from Kenya, Nairobi - Emma Karari

Case study from Nigeria - Michael Balogun

Case study from Nigeria - Adesola Ogunniyi

Case study from Tanzania - Mashombo Mkamba


 

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Key References

 

The IUHPE has an official peer-reviewed journal - Global Health Promotion - available to all IUHPE members and to subscribers of the journal.


Click here to find out more about Global Health Promotion and other publications from the IUHPE Journal Family.

 

This section provides you with a list of key references and links (when these are available) on:

 

Case Studies

 

Adedoyin, R. A., M. O. Balogun, et al. (2006). "An assessment of cardiovascular risk among the people of a Nigerian university community." European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation 13(4): 551-554 10.1097/01.hjr.0000183911.97859.21 - http://journals.lww.com/ejcpr/Fulltext/2006/08000/An_assessment_of_cardiovascular_risk_among_the.11.aspx

 

Adedoyin, R. A., C. E. Mbada, et al. (2008). "Prevalence and pattern of hypertension in a semiurban community in Nigeria." European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation 15(6): 683-687 10.1097/HJR.0b013e32830edc32 - http://journals.lww.com/ejcpr/Fulltext/2008/12000/Prevalence_and_pattern_of_hypertension_in_a.11.aspx

 

Adedoyin, R. A., C. E. Mbada, et al. (2008). "Relationship of anthropometric indicators with blood pressure levels and the risk of hypertension in Nigerian adults." International Journal of General Medicine 1: 33-40 - http://www.dovepress.com/relationship-of-anthropometric-indicators-with-blood-pressure-levels-a-peer-reviewed-article-IJGM

 

Balogun, J. A., V. A. Obajuluwa, et al. (1990). "Anthropometric determinants of resting blood pressure and heart rate of Nigerian school children." Annals of Tropical Paediatrics 10: 425-431.

 

Balogun, J. A., V. A. Obajuluwa, et al. (1990). "Influence of parental socioeconomic status on casual blood pressures of Nigerian school children." International Journal of Cardiology 29: 63-69.

 

Cappuccio, F. P., Kerry, S. M., et al. (2006). "A community programme to reduce salt intake and blood pressure in Ghana [ISRCTN88789643]." BMC Public Health 6: 13. - http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2458/6/13

 

Edberg, M. (2007). "Chapter 8: Communities & Population as Focus for Health Promotion Programs." Essentials of Health Behaviour, Social and Behavorial Theory in Public Health (Essential Public Health). - http://www.jbpub.com/catalog/9780763737962/

 

Plange-Rhule, J., Cappuccio, F. P., et al. (2002). "A community study of health promotion in rural West Africa: details of a household survey and population census 10.1093/qjmed/95.7.445." QJM (Quarterly Journal of Medicine) 95(7): 445-450. - http://qjmed.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/full/95/7/445


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Communications

 

Edberg, M. (2007). "Chapter 10: Application of Theory: Communications Campaigns." Essentials of Health Behaviour, Social and Behavorial Theory in Public Health (Essential Public Health). - http://www.jbpub.com/catalog/9780763737962/

 

Grier, S. and Bryant, C. A. (2005). "Social marketing in public health." Annual Review of Public Health 26: 319-39. - http://arjournals.annualreviews.org/toc/publhealth/26/1

 

Griffiths J., Blair-Stevens C., Thorpe A. (2008). "Social marketing for health and specialised health promotion: Stronger together - weaker apart. A paper for debate." National Social Marketing Center, UK. - http://www.nsms.org.uk/public/default.aspx?PageID=24

 

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Diabetes

 

International Diabetes Federation (IDF). (2008). "Africa Action Plan for Implementation of the United Nations on Diabetes." Africa Regional Meeting - Implementation of the United Nations Resolution on Diabetes (61/225) in Africa, Nairobi, Kenya. - http://www.idf.org/AFR

 

International Diabetes Federation (IDF); World Health Organization - AFRO; the African Union. (2006). "The Diabetes Declaration and Strategy for Africa: a call to action and plan of action to prevent and control diabetes and related chronic diseases." - http://www.idf.org/node/1355?unode=14A26179-13DD-4220-A865-6576D4D417FB

 

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Epidemiology

 

Gidding, S. S. (2008). "Ending the cardiovascular disease epidemic: an interview with Lewis Kuller." Epidemiology 19(1): 27-9. - http://journals.lww.com/epidem/toc/2008/01000

 

Mensah, G. A. (2008). "Epidemiology of stroke and high blood pressure in Africa." Heart 94(6): 697-705. - http://heart.bmj.com/cgi/search?fulltext=Epidemiology+of+stroke+and+high+blood+pressure+in+Africa&sortspec=relevance&x=0&y=0

 

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Health Promotion

 

(1986). "Ottawa charter for health promotion." Canadian Journal of Public Health 77(6): 425-30. - http://www.who.int/healthpromotion/conferences/previous/ottawa/en/

 

(2006). "The Bangkok charter for health promotion in a globalized world." Health Promotion International 21 Suppl 1: 10-4. - http://www.who.int/healthpromotion/conferences/6gchp/bangkok_charter/en/

 

Amuyunzu-Nyamongo, M., Nyamwaya, D. O. (2009) "Evidence of Health Promotion Effectiveness in Africa." A publication by the African Institute for Health and Development (AIHD) and the International Union for Health Promotion and Education - http://www.iuhpe.org/index.html?page=520⟨=en

 

Edberg, M. (2007). "Chapter 6: Social, Cultural & Environmental Theories part II." Essentials of Health Behaviour, Social and Behavorial Theory in Public Health (Essential Public Health). - http://www.jbpub.com/catalog/9780763737962/

 

Edberg, M. (2007). "Chapter 5: Social, Cultural & Environmental Theories part I." Essentials of Health Behaviour, Social and Behavorial Theory in Public Health (Essential Public Health). - http://www.jbpub.com/catalog/9780763737962/

 

Mittelmark, M. B., Rootman I. K., Scriven A., Tones K. (2007). "Health Promotion." The Encyclopedia of Public Health. - http://www.springer.com/public+health/book/978-1-4020-5613-0

 

Mittelmark, M. B. (2003). "A Very Brief Introduction to Health Promotion." HP-source.net. - http://www.hp-source.net/index.html?mode=HP_INTRO

 

Nyamwaya, D. (2003). "Health promotion in Africa: strategies, players, challenges and prospects." Health Promotion International 18(2): 85-7. - http://heapro.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/full/18/2/85

 

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Multiple risk factors & Prevention

 

(2009) "Global health Risks - Mortality and burden of disease attributable to selected major risks" World Health Organization (WHO) - http://www.who.int/healthinfo/global_burden_disease/GlobalHealthRisks_report_full.pdf

 

Abubakari, A.R. and Bhopal R. S. (2008). "Systematic review on the prevalence of diabetes, overweight/obesity and physical inactivity in Ghanaians and Nigerians." Public Health 122: 173 - 82. - http://www.journals.elsevierhealth.com/periodicals/puhe/article/PIIS0033350607002053/abstract.

 

Agyemang, C., Addo, J., Bhopal, R., de Graft Aikins, A., Stronks, K. (2009). "Cardiovascular disease, diabetes and established risk factors among populations of sub-Saharan African descent in Europe: a literature review." Globalization and Health 5(1): 7. - http://www.globalizationandhealth.com/content/5/1/7

 

Akesson, A., C. Weismayer, et al. (2007). "Combined effect of low-risk dietary and lifestyle behaviors in primary prevention of myocardial infarction in women." Archives of Internal Medicine 167(19): 2122-7. - http://archinte.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/full/167/19/2122

 

Beaglehole, R., S. Ebrahim, et al. (2007). "Prevention of chronic diseases: a call to action." Lancet 370(9605): 2152-7. - http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(07)61700-0/fulltext

 

Bovet, P. (2002). "Editorial: The cardiovascular disease epidemic: global, regional, local." Tropical Medicine & International Health 7(9): 717-21. - http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/fulltext/118926802/HTMLSTART

 

Daar, A. S., Singer P. A., et al. (2007). "Grand challenges in chronic non-communicable diseases." Nature 450(7169): 494-6. - http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v450/n7169/full/450494a.html

 

Iestra, J. A., Kromhout, D., et al. (2005). "Effect size estimates of lifestyle and dietary changes on all-cause mortality in coronary artery disease patients: a systematic review." Circulation 112(6): 924-34. - http://circ.ahajournals.org/cgi/content/full/112/6/924

 

Mensah, G. A. (2008). "Ischaemic heart disease in Africa." Heart 94(7): 836-43. - http://heart.bmj.com/content/vol94/issue7/

 

Willet W.C. , Koplan J. P., Nugent R., Dusenbury C., Puska P., Gaziano T. A. (2006). "Prevention of Chronic Disease by Means of Diet & Lifestyle Changes." Disease Control Priorities in Developing Countries Chapter 44: 833-850. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/bv.fcgi?rid=dcp2.chapter.6349

 

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Non-Communicable Diseases

 

(2008). "2008-2013 Action Plan for the Global Strategy for the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases." World Health Organization (WHO). - http://www.who.int/nmh/Actionplan-PC-NCD-2008.pdf

 

Suhrcke M., Nugent R. A., Stuckler D., Rocco L. (2006). "Chronic Disease: An economic Perspective." London: Oxford Health Alliance - http://www.oxha.org/alliance-alert/2006-q4-oct2013dec-1/alert.2006-11-10.7228236306/?searchterm=Chronic%20Disease:%20An%20economic%20Perspective

 

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Partnerships

 

McMorris, L. E., Gottlieb, N. H. et al. (2005). "Developmental Stages in Public Health Partnerships: A Practical Perspective 10.1177/1524839903260647." Health Promotion Practice 6(2): 219-226. - http://hpp.sagepub.com/content/vol6/issue2/

 

(2006). "Leadership and Group Development." Adapted from the University of North Dakota Extension School publications: Partnerships for Parks Leadership Retreat - D. Howard - http://www.partnershipsforparks.org/ .

 

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Physical Activity

 

Surveillance and Population-based Prevention. "Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ)." World health organization (WHO). - http://www.who.int/chp/steps/resources/en/index.html

 

Matsudo, V., Matsudo S., Andrade D., Araujo T., Andrade E., de Oliveira L.C., Braggion G. (2002). "Promotion of physical activity in a developing country: The Agita São Paulo experience." Public Health Nutrition 5(1a): 253-261. - http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract?fromPage=online&aid=566992&fulltextType=RA&fileId=S1368980002000356

 

Diez Roux, A. V. (2003). "Residential environments and cardiovascular risk." Journal of Urban Health 80(4): 569-89. - http://www.springerlink.com/content/k73867185x246771/?p=c8cace908b084bc09006691b4c1309f1π=6

 

Craig C.L., Marshall A.L., Sjöström M., Bauman A., Booth M.L., Ainsworth B.E., Pratt M., Ekelund U., Yngve A., Sallis J.F., Oja P. (2003). "International Physical Activity Questionnaire: 12-Country Reliability and Validity." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 35(8): 1381-1395. - http://journals.lww.com/acsm-msse/Abstract/2003/08000/International_Physical_Activity_Questionnaire_.20.aspx

 

Bauman A., Kirsten W., Pratt M. (2006). "Promoting physical activity globally." Promotion & Education XIII(2). - http://www.iuhpe.org/?lang=en&page=publications_journal1_page1

 

(2009). "Interventions on Diet and Physical Activity: What works." World health organization (WHO). - http://www.who.int/dietphysicalactivity/whatworks/en/

 

(2007). "Healthy Active Kids South Africa." Report Card on the Physical Activity, Nutrition and Tobacco Use for South African Children and Youth. - http://www.mrc.ac.za//chronic/healthykids.pdf

 

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Planning & Evaluation

 

Glasgow, R. E. and Emmons, K. M. (2007). "How can we increase translation of research into practice? Types of evidence needed." Annual Review of Public Health 28: 413-33. - http://arjournals.annualreviews.org/toc/publhealth/28/1

 

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Qualitative Evaluation & Research

 

Bernard, H. R. (2006 (4th edition)). "Analysis of Qualitative Data." Research Methods in Anthropology: 360-92.

 

Mayan, M. (2001). "An Introduction to qualitative methods: a training module for students and professionals." International Institute for Qualitative Methodology. Edmonton, Canada.

 

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Social Determinants of Health & Millennium Development Goals

 

Professor Sir Michael Marmot (on behalf of the Commission on Social Determinants of Health). (2007). "Achieving health equity: from root causes to fair outcomes." The Lancet 370(9593): 1153-1163. - http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(07)61385-3/fulltext

 

Metzler M., Amuyunzu-Nyamongo M., Mukhopadhyay A. & de Salazar L. (2007). "Community Interventions on Social Determinants of Health: Focusing the Evidence." McQueen, D. V. & Jones, C. M. (eds.) Global Perspectives on Health Promotion Effectiveness. 2007, New York: Springer Science & Business Media: 225-244. - http://www.springer.com/public+health/health+promotion+%26+disease+prevention/book/978-0-387-70973-4

 

McQueen, D. (2009). "Three challenges for the Social Determinants of Health pursuit." International Journal of Public Health 54(1): 1-2. - http://www.springerlink.com/content/gxgp12k7237665n6/?p=3a58889de3224f4bb124ec031076b522π=0

 

Marmot, M. (2005). "Historical perspective: the social determinants of disease - some blossoms." Epidemiological Perspectives & Innovations 2(1): 4. - http://www.epi-perspectives.com/content/2/1/4

 

Liburd, L. C., Jack L., Williams, S., Tucker, P. (2005). "Intervening on the social determinants of cardiovascular disease and diabetes." American Journal of Preventive Medicine 29(5 Suppl 1): 18-24. - http://journals.elsevierhealth.com/periodicals/amepre/issues/contents?issue_key=S0749-3797(05)X0095-2

 

Commission on Social Determinants of Health (2008). "Closing the gap in a generation: Health equity through action on the social determinants of health." World Health Organization (WHO). - http://www.who.int/social_determinants/thecommission/finalreport/en/index.html

 

Edberg, M. (2007). "Chapter 11: Application of Theory: Global Health." Essentials of Health Behaviour, Social and Behavorial Theory in Public Health (Essential Public Health). - http://www.jbpub.com/catalog/9780763737962/

 

(2009). "The Millennium Development Goals Report." United Nations. - http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/

 

(2008). "Primer to Action: Social determinants of health." Ontario Chronic Disease Prevention Alliance (OCDPA) & Health Nexus. - www.healthnexus.ca/projects/primer.pdf; www.ocdpa.on.ca/ocdpa_documents.htm

 

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Tobacco, Tobacco Control & Health

 

"The WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control - FCTC." - http://www.who.int/fctc/en/

 

"Tobacco Control in Africa - TCA - News and information about tobacco control in Africa." - http://blogsofbainbridge.typepad.com/africa/

 

General, S. (2006). "The Health Consequences of Involuntary Exposure to Tobacco Smoke: A Report of the Surgeon General." U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. - http://www.surgeongeneral.gov/library/secondhandsmoke/

 

Pompey, F., Ouazani, C., Perdrix, P., Lejeal, F. (2009). "L'Afrique malade du Tabac." Jeune Afrique 2525. - http://www.jeuneafrique.com/; http://www.jeuneafrique.com/Articles/Dossier/ARTJAJA2525p022-028.xml0/-consommation-publicite-tabac-loi-L-Afrique-malade-du-tabac.html

 

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Tools

 

The Community Guide: What works to promote health - http://www.thecommunityguide.org/index.html

 

WHO STEPwise approach to Surveillance - http://www.who.int/chp/steps/en/

 

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Training initiatives

 

Akinroye, K. K., Bovet, P., Tanimowo, M., (2005). "Building national capacity for cardiovascular disease prevention in low-medium income countries: The Nigerian Heart Foundation experience." Prevention & Control - 1(3): 263-265 - http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1573208805000681

 

Bovet, P., Gervasoni, J. P., Paccaud, F. (2003). "A Two-Week Workshop to Promote Cardiovascular Disease Prevention Programs in Countries with Limited Resources." Ethnicicty & Disease 13 (Supplement 2): 31-34 - http://www.ishib.org/sup_13_2_2_toc.asp


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Other resources

 

Cardiovascular Journal of Africa - http://www.cvja.co.za/index.php


Health Sciences Online - http://hso.info/vivisimo/cgi-bin/query-meta?v%3aframe=form&frontpage=1&v%3aproject=HSO&


The Philip Poole-Wilson National Forum Digital Library - http://www.hearthealthystrokefree.org/Philips_list.asp.asp


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The production of this website has received financial support from the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), an Agency of the Department of Health and Human Services, under Cooperative Agreement Number CDC RFA DP07-708 on Building Capacity of Developing Countries to Prevent non-Communicable Diseases. The contents of this website are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the CDC.